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1 πικραίνω
A make sharp or keen, esp. to the taste, π. τὴν κοιλίαν make it bitter, Apoc.10.9:— [voice] Pass.,τὸ στόμα πικραίνεται Hp.Acut.30
: opp. γλυκαίνεσθαι, Arist. Ph. 244b20.2 metaph., embitter, irritate, ; τὴν ἀκοήν affect it harshly, opp. γλυκαίνω, D.H.Comp.12, 15; make harsh, νόμους cj. in A.Eu. 693 :—[voice] Pass., to be exasperated, embittered, Pl.Lg. 731d, Theoc.5.120; ὁ ζωγράφος πονεῖ τι καὶ π. vexes himself, Antiph.144.3;π. ἐπί τισι LXXEx.16.20
; ἔν τισι ib.Ru.1.20; also ἐπικράνθη μοι it grieved me, ib.13.3 of style, make harsh or rugged,διάλεκτον D.H.Dem.55
, cf. 34.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πικραίνω
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2 στρυφνόω
II metaph. of style, make harsh, Eust.1181.27.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > στρυφνόω
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3 τραχύνω
τρᾱχύν-ω, [dialect] Ion. [pref] τρηχ-: [tense] pf. τετράχῡκα ([etym.] ἀπο-) D.H.Comp.22:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor.Aἐτρᾱχύνθην Pl.Ti. 66c
: [tense] pf.τετράχυσμαι Arist.HA 536b23
, ([etym.] ἐκ-) Luc.Pisc.51; [ per.] 3sg. ; inf. : ([etym.] τραχύς):—make rough, uneven, Id.Ti. 65d: c. acc., τ. τὸ κύτος ib. 67a;αὔρη τρηχύνοι πέλαγος A.R.4.768
:— [voice] Pass., become rough, Pl.Ti. 66c, Plu.Rom.3, etc.; of the sea, Arist. Col. 791a21; of the voice, Id.Aud. 803b2; τ. τῇ φωνῇ use rough, harsh tones, Plu.TG2.2 in A.Th. 1050, τράχυνε refers to τραχύς γε μέντοι δῆμος just before, call them harsh.3 metaph. in [voice] Pass., to be angry, exasperated,τετραχύνθαι τε καὶ ἀγωνιᾶν Pl.Prt. 333e
;πρός τινα Plb.2.21.3
, Plu.Pel.26; τινι Anon. Oxy.664.38; τ. ὅτι .. D.H.Th.43.4 τ. τὰς ἀκοάς grate roughly on the ears, Id.Comp.22.II intr., to be rough,ὁ τραχύνων τόπος D.S.1.32
;τὰ τραχύνοντα τοῦ ποταμοῦ Plu.Cat.Ma. 20
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τραχύνω
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4 σκληραγωγέω
A bring up hardy, Andron 4J.;ἑαυτόν J.AJ10.10.2
;τὰς θυγατέρας Luc.DMar.6.1
:—[voice] Pass., Nic.Dam.Fr. 103 (aa) J., Anon.Vat.64.2 metaph., σ. τὴν λέξιν make it harsh or austere, D.H.Th.30.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σκληραγωγέω
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